Post doctoral fellowships are basically research positions in universities or research institutes. You are not normally required to complete course work but some universities recommend to complete some courses in the research area. Some universities award a certificate after the fellowship is finished but it is not the norm in all the universities.
I sometimes think of postdoc fellowships as being long employment applications. A PhD is trying to distinguish themselves within their field by acquiring additional credentials that will separate them from some of their peers. The get to know a lot of people and these people get to know the new PhD and their work. Often times this arrangement leads to full-time emplyment as the next stage. They usually make a few bucks in the process too. Jack